By ToolzHive · Updated
APA is a style. DOI is a persistent identifier for a registered object. PMID identifies a PubMed record. An article can have both identifiers.
Reference table
| Item | Format / purpose | Check |
|---|---|---|
| APA journal reference | Author. (Year). Title. Journal, volume(issue), pages. DOI | Apply italics, author rules and required edition |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.xxxx/suffix | Use the actual identifier |
| PMID | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/<PMID>/ | Use the PubMed record identifier |
| PMCID | PMC followed by digits | PubMed Central; distinct from PMID |
| Verification | Compare title, authors, year and journal | Metadata may be incomplete |
| APA in-text citation | Author and year | Match the reference-list entry |
Workflow
Extract identifiers, resolve them and compare the returned records with the intended papers. Remove duplicates after checking they represent the same work.
Identifiers and quality
An identifier does not establish study quality or support a claim. Read the work and check corrections or retractions before relying on it.
Try the related tools
- DOI Extractor — Extract, clean and deduplicate DOIs from reference lists and flag malformed ones.
- PMID Extractor — Extract PubMed IDs from text and links, remove duplicates and open them in PubMed.